Differences between children with Down syndrome and typically developing children in adaptive behaviour, executive functions and visual acuity

Abstract In children with Down syndrome (DS) development of visual, motor and cognitive functions is atypical. It unknown whether the visual impairments in DS aggravate their lag development. Visual impairment developmental lags adaptive behaviour executive were assessed 104 DS, 2–16 years, by comparing behaviour, acuity (distant near) scores against published age-matched norm typically developing children. Associations between these explored. Mean (± SEM) differences to norms indicated reduced performance DS: Vineland Screener questionnaire, ? 63 ± 3.8 months; task-based Minnesota Executive Function Scale (MEFS), 46.09 2.07 points; BRIEF-P 25.29 4.66 BRIEF parents’ teachers’ 17.89 3.92 points 40.10 3.81 distant near acuity, 0.51 0.03 LogMAR 0.63 (near 0.11 0.04 poorer than distant). Adaptive (Vineland-S) correlated severity (r = 0.396). Children are severely impaired acuities more acuity). Larger found larger impairment. This supports idea that plays a role